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In a piece of good news, a recent study shows mRNA vaccines provide protection against Omicron BA.2 but the protection against coronavirus infection and symptomatic disease wanes within months of a third dose. This comes at a time when the Omicron subvariant is fueling a massive COVID surge in parts of Asia and Europe and scientists are trying to understand how severe can be the infections caused by it. 

Omicron BA.1 vs subvariant BA.2

It is already known that BA.2 spreads faster than BA.1, but it wasn’t immediately clear whether the subvariant is more adept at evading vaccines. “BA.2 could be even worse than BA.1 — this was the fear,” says Laith Abu-Raddad, an infectious-diseases epidemiologist at Weill Cornell Medicine–Qatar in Doha and a co-author of the study, as quoted by the scientific journal Nature. The study, published on the preprint server medRxiv, has not yet been peer reviewed.

How much protection does vaccines provide against BA.2? 

The study showed that people who received two doses of either the Pfizer–BioNTech or Moderna mRNA-based vaccine enjoyed several months of substantial protection against symptomatic disease caused by either BA.1 or BA.2. But protection waned to around 10% after only 4–6 months, meaning that the vaccines prevented only 10% of the cases that would have occurred if all of the individuals had been unvaccinated, the article by Nature said. 

It further added, Protection against BA.2 did not seem to wane any faster than protection against BA.1, and a booster shot brought the protection against symptomatic infection by either subvariant back to 30–60%. Surveillance data collected in the United Kingdom reveal a similar trend: vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19 is less than 20% for both subvariants 25 weeks or more after a second dose, but rises to roughly 70% 2–4 weeks after a third dose.

Abu-Raddad says the results give him hope because vaccines prevent many of the worst COVID-19 cases, even in response to BA.2. “The vaccines are actually working remarkably well, given the challenges of evolution,” he said.

 

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In a piece of good news, a recent study shows mRNA vaccines provide protection against Omicron BA.2 but the protection against coronavirus infection and symptomatic disease wanes within months of a third dose. This comes at a time when the Omicron subvariant is fueling a massive COVID surge in parts of Asia and Europe and scientists are trying to understand how severe can be the infections caused by it. 

Omicron BA.1 vs subvariant BA.2

It is already known that BA.2 spreads faster than BA.1, but it wasn’t immediately clear whether the subvariant is more adept at evading vaccines. “BA.2 could be even worse than BA.1 — this was the fear,” says Laith Abu-Raddad, an infectious-diseases epidemiologist at Weill Cornell Medicine–Qatar in Doha and a co-author of the study, as quoted by the scientific journal Nature. The study, published on the preprint server medRxiv, has not yet been peer reviewed.

How much protection does vaccines provide against BA.2? 

The study showed that people who received two doses of either the Pfizer–BioNTech or Moderna mRNA-based vaccine enjoyed several months of substantial protection against symptomatic disease caused by either BA.1 or BA.2. But protection waned to around 10% after only 4–6 months, meaning that the vaccines prevented only 10% of the cases that would have occurred if all of the individuals had been unvaccinated, the article by Nature said. 

It further added, Protection against BA.2 did not seem to wane any faster than protection against BA.1, and a booster shot brought the protection against symptomatic infection by either subvariant back to 30–60%. Surveillance data collected in the United Kingdom reveal a similar trend: vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19 is less than 20% for both subvariants 25 weeks or more after a second dose, but rises to roughly 70% 2–4 weeks after a third dose.

Abu-Raddad says the results give him hope because vaccines prevent many of the worst COVID-19 cases, even in response to BA.2. “The vaccines are actually working remarkably well, given the challenges of evolution,” he said.

 

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